Which antibiotic is often used prophylactically to treat suspected ophthalmia neonatorum due to Chlamydia or Gonorrhea?

• A. Chloramphenicol
• B. Amoxicillin
• C. Doxycycline
• D. Erythromycin

Answer: (D)

Newborn eye prophylaxis aims to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum caused by organisms that can be transmitted during birth, especially Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. A topical antibiotic given right after birth provides immediate, local protection with minimal systemic exposure. Erythromycin ointment is the standard choice because it effectively covers the organisms most likely to cause this condition in newborns and has a favorable safety profile for neonates.

Chloramphenicol, while broad-spectrum, carries a risk of serious bone marrow suppression and is not preferred for routine prophylaxis. Amoxicillin isn’t used for eye prophylaxis and doesn’t reliably prevent neonatal conjunctivitis. Doxycycline is avoided in infants due to effects on teeth and bone development.