Which of the following is a decongestant that acts as a nonspecific alpha and beta adrenergic agonist?

• A. Albuterol
• B. Pseudoephedrine
• C. Bromocriptine
• D. Diazepam

Answer: (B)

Decongestants work by constricting the blood vessels in the nasal mucosa to shrink swollen tissue and open the airways. When a drug acts as a nonselective alpha and beta adrenergic agonist, it activates both receptor types: alpha receptors cause vasoconstriction in the nasal vessels, while beta receptors can contribute to additional cardiovascular and bronchodilator effects. Pseudoephedrine fits this profile as a mixed-acting sympathomimetic that both releases norepinephrine and directly stimulates alpha and beta receptors, leading to nasal decongestion. The other choices don’t provide that broad adrenergic action: albuterol is mainly a beta-2 agonist for bronchodilation, while bromocriptine and diazepam are not adrenergic decongestants (bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist, diazepam is a benzodiazepine).